JIGSAW GENS
“Stowegressives” at a Glance
A rundown of temporal attributes and historical peers shared by many Pre-Missionaries
As part of my ongoing “Jigsaw Gens” series, I profile the various American generations (and “microgenerations”) identified by historians.
In This Installment…
Featured Generation: “Stowegressives” (aka Pre-Missionaries, Negotiators, Word-Smithsonians, Highnotes, Judicial Masters)
Who they are: The second-youngest pre-Hemingrebel generation, coined by William Strauss and Neil Howe in their 1991 book Generations: The History of America’s Future, 1584 to 2069
When they were born: Approximately between 1850–1861
Key Members
Lawmakers & Policy-Shapers: William Howard Taft, Albert B. Fall, Woodrow Wilson, Susanna Salter, William Jennings Bryan, Henry Cabot Lodge, Thomas J. Walsh, Charles Fairbanks, Louis Brandeis, Naiche, Robert M. La Follette, Champ Clark, Pat Garrett, Matthew Ricketts, George W. Norris, James S. Sherman, Luis Muñoz Rivera, Frank B. Kellogg, Levi Parsons Morton (1824), John Hessin Clarke, Harry Micajah Daugherty, William E. Russell, Mahlon Pitney, Joseph Rucker Lamar, Alice Mary Robertson, Willis Von Devanter, Thomas R. Marshall, Octaviano Larrazolo, Frank Lowden, Charles Henry Turner, Lincoln Loy McCandless, William Henry Moody, Eben Sumner Draper, Miguel Antonio Otero II, Frank Dalton, Winthrop M. Crane, Seth Low, William Dennison Stephens, John L. Bates, Samuel W. McCall, Jeff Milton, Curtis Guild, Boies Penrose, Cornelius Jones, David King Udall
Literary Writers: Lyman Frank Baum, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Kate Chopin, Harry Stillwell Edwards, Kate Douglas Wiggin, Charles W. Chesnutt, Edward Bellamy, Arthur Burdett Frost, Katharine Lee Bates, George Marion McClellan, Condé Benoist Pallne, Rose Hartwick Thorpe, Ella Wheeler Wilcox, Henry Blake Fuller, Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman, Pauline Hopkins, Eugene Field, Francis Marion Crawford, Edward Irenaeus Prime-Stevenson, Lizette Woodworth Reese, Elbert Hubbard, Joseph Lewis Finch, Edwin Markham, Hamlin Garland, Andy Adams, James Burner Matthews, Yda Hillis Addis, Frances Brackett Damon, Gowongo Mohawk, Annie Maria Barnes, Payne Erskine, Alice Brown, Harold Frederic, Mrs. Alex McVeigh Miller, Gertrude Atherton, Mary Noailles Murfree, Sylvester Judd, Emma May Alexander Reinertsen, Clara Louise Burnham, Edgar Watson Howe, Anna Bowman Dodd, Emma Augusta Sharkey, Harriet Bates, Margaret Deland, Anna de Brémont
Journalists & Historians: Ida Tarbell, Charles Dow, Eliza Scidmore, Bat Masterson, Edward Davis Jones, Ferdinand L. Barnett, Harriet Monroe, Samuel Sidney McClure, Timothy Thomas Fortune, Polly Pry, Herbert Baxter Adams, Lafcadio Hearn, John Sanborn Phillips, Albert Bushnell Hart, Elizabeth Stumm, Kate E. Griswold, Charles Bergstresser, Helen Churchill Candee, Josiah Royce, Archibald Gracie IV, John Lawson Stoddard, Robert Pelham, Dorothy Dix, Edward Gaylord Bourne, George Sibley Johns, Clinton Rosette, Joseph Benson Gilder, William Henry Rideing, Edward Kingsbury, Frederick Jackson Turner, Daniel Berkeley Updike, James Milton Carroll, George Foot Moore, Virginia Evelyn Ross, Thorstein Veblen, Charles Fletcher Lummis, Anna Braden, Florence Huntley, Effie Hoffman Rogers, Alice Hobbins Porter, Jennie O. Starkey, Mary Virginia Proctor, Robert Percival Porter, Marion Howard Brazier, Jane Agnes Stewart
Scientists & Researchers: Walter Reed, John Dewey, William H. Welch, Charles Eastman, Susette LaFlesche Tibbles, James McKeen Cattell, Thomas Augustus Watson, Percival Lowell, Mary Emilie Holmes, William James Mayo, Albert A. Michelson, Melvil Dewey, William C. Gorgas, Edward Bouchet, Franz Boaz, Chester Greenwood, Joseph Charles Arthur, Robert Peary, William Sanders Scarborough, George Washington Gale Ferris Jr., Lillien Jane Martin, Jan Ernst Matzeliger, Daniel Hale Williams, Liberty Hyde Bailey, Ida Henrietta Hyde, Frank Julian Sprague, Mary Mills Patrick, Takamine Jōkichi, William Stewart Halsted, James Naismith, Clinton Hart Merriam, Fernando López Tuero, Nettie Stevens, Francis LaFlesche, Bion J. Arnold, Miriam Benjamin, Granville Woods, Charles Duryea, Fermín Tangüis, Michael Pupin, Ottmar Mergenthaler, James Mooney, Elmer Ambrose Sperry, Jesse Walter Fewkes, Emile Berliner
Athletes: John L. Sullivan, Tim Keefe, Walter Camp, John Montgomery Ward, Pete Browning, Richard Sears, Dan Brouthers, “Smiling” Mickey Welch, Ross Barnes, Cap Anson, “Big Sam” Thompson, Bid McPhee, William “The Solid Man” Muldoon, Jim O’Rourke, “Honest John” Clapp, Ned Hanlon, Charles “Old Hoss” Radbourn, Isaac Murphy, Lon Meyers, Paul Hines, George Gore, Hank “The Reverend” O’Day, John Clarkson, Moses Fleetwood Walker, Charles “The Old Roman” Comiskey, Mary Ewing Outerbridge, Albert Goodwill Spalding, Charley Jones, George “Grin” Bradley, John Lee Richmond, James “Pud” Galvin, José Barbosa, Ned Williamson, Roger Connor, Jim McLaughlin, Henry Larkin, Abner Powell, James A. Ten Eyck, Michael “King” Kelly, Tony Mullane, Edward McKeever, Buck Ewing, William S. Rainsford, Bud Fowler, Jack Manning
Entrepreneurs & Business Leaders: Andrew Mellon, King C. Gillette, Milton Hershey, George Dayton, Will Keith Kellogg, Fannie Farmer, Charles William Post, Frank Winfield Woolworth, Edward L. Doheny, George Eastman, William C. Durant, Frederick Burnham, Kate Carmack, Sam Bass, Edward Willis Scripps, Fritz Maytag, Isaac Leopold Rice, Gaylord Wilshire, Charles Elmer Hires, William Wrigley Jr., David Dunbar Buick, Asa Griggs Candler, H.H. Holmes, George D. Wick, Henry Edwards Huntington, Charles Melville Hays, John Munro Longyear, Orville Gibson, Alonzo Herndon, Sarah E. Goode, Almanzo Wilder, Solomon Guggenheim, Elias Disney, Percy G. Williams, “Diamond Jim” Brady, Luke Short, Anthony Francis Lucas, Daniel Guggenheim, Charles Lang Freer, John Shedd, Edward Filene, Harry Gordon Selfridge, John Warne Gates, Masajiro Furuya, Herman Hollerith
Activists & Organizers: Doc Holliday, Calamity Jane, Eugene V. Debs, Alice Stone Blackwell, Henry “Billy the Kid” McCarty, Samuel Gompers, Carrie Chapman Catt, Jacob S. Coxey Sr., Harriot Stanton Blatch, Ishi, Clarence Darrow, John Harvey Kellogg, Tom Horn, Josephine Beall Willson Bruce, George Washington Goethals, Juliette Gordon Lowe, Helen Magill White, John J. Pershing, Lizzie Borden, Alva Belmont, Durham Stevens, John Riley Banister, Frances Xavier Cabrini, Robert Bacon, Annie Smith Peck, Frank Friday Fletcher, Leonard Wood, Henry Ossian Flipper, Martha Carey Thomas, Alice Freeman Palmer, John Wesley Hardin, John Calderwood, Jane Addams, Richard T. Ely, Charles Joseph Bonaparte, Katharine Drexel, Wovoka, Johnson Chestnut Whittaker, Nancy “Nannie” Jones, Victoria Earle Matthews, Charles Taze Russell, Grat Dalton, Callie House, Emmet Dalton, John Lincoln Clem
Entertainers: Theodore Roberts, Henrietta Vinton Davis, Ada Rehan, William Gillette, May Robson, Fred Turner, George Fawcett, Lydia Yeamans Titus, Eddie Foy Sr., Lillie Langtry, Millie & Christine McCoy, John Drew Jr., Louise Emmons, Frank Keenan, Edward Connelly, DeWolf Hopper, Chung Ling Soo, Kate Bruce, Etienne Girardot, Jay Hunt, Gertrude Claire, Otis Skinner, Charles K. French, Josephine Crowell, Florence Roberts, Alberta Lee, Margaret Talmadge, Emily Fitzroy, James F. Neill, Robert Brower, Henrietta Crosman, Sara Adler, Effie Ellsler, Jacob Pavlovich Adler, William V. Ranous, Forrest Robinson, Elijah “Dark Cloud” Tahamont, Charlotte Granville, Henry “Gus” Leonard, William Morris, Effie Canning, Riley Chamberlin, Kate Lester, Grace Henderson
Musicians: John Philip Sousa, Lillian Russell, Mildred J. Hill, Edward MacDowell, Victor Herbert, Ella Sheppard, George Whitefield Chadwick, Arthur Foote, Harry Bache Smith, Emma Abbott, George Templeton Strong, Ernestine Schumann-Heink, Anthony Johnson Showalter, Edgar Stillman Kelley, Harry Rowe Shelley, Charles Albert Tindley, Juan Morel Campos, Amelia Tilghman, Minnie Hauk, William Hall Sherwood, Laura Joyce Bell, Frank White Meacham, Camille d’Elmar, Paul Dresser, Sissieretta Jones, Lillian Nordica, Victor August Herbert, Sadie Martinot, Julie Rivé-King, Charles Hutchinson Gabriel, Braulio Dueño Colón, Daniel B. Towner, Joseph Paul Skelly, Charles Beach Hawley, Peter C. Lutkin, Edwin Arthur Jones, Gustave Kerker, Arthur Batelle Whiting, Reginald De Koven, Emil Liebling, Frank Damrosch, Monroe Althouse, Louisa Melvin Delos Mars, Arthur Homer Bird, Henry Schoenefeld
Visual Artists: Grandma Moses, John Singer Sargent, Daniel Chester French, Louis Sullivan, Alexander Doyle, James E. Kelly, Mary Vaux Walcott, Frederick Burr Opper, John Wellborn Root, Howard Pyle, Daniel Carter Beard, Willard Metcalf, Cass Gilbert, Tichkematse, Cecilia Beaux, Albert Henry Munsell, Edwin Austin Abbey, Stanford White, Frederic Remington, Henry Ossawa Tanner, Louise Blanchard Bethune, John Moses Browning, Gertrude Käsebier, John Ward Dunsmore, Anna Elizabeth Klumpke, Frederick Childe Hassam, Edward Austin Kent, Larado Taft, A. Page Brown, Nampeyo, Bill Traylor, John Kane, Sarah Jim Mayo, Seaborn McDaniel Denson, Thomas Hastings, James T. Kelley, Alice Pike Barney, William Jacob Baer, Mary Devens, Ellen Day Hale, Jefferson David Chalfant, Eleanor Norcross, Arthur Burdett Frost, Lucy Bacon, William Bliss Baker
Cusp Cohorts
Preceding Microgeneration: “The Late-Goldens” (1845–1849)
Prominent “Late-Goldens”: Thomas Edison, Jesse James, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Joseph Pulitzer, Alexander Graham Bell, Wyatt Earp, Lip Pike, “Blind” Tom Wiggins, Francis Davis Millet, William R. Day, Buffalo Bill, James Whitcomb Riley, Lewis Howard Latimer, Jacob Riis, Sergeant Moses Williams, John Ware, Edward Everett Rice, Howling Wolf, Edward Douglass White, Jennie Lee, Emma Lazarus, Finis Bates, Luther Burbank, Maritcha Remond Lyons, George Westinghouse, William R. Pettiford, George Wright, Silas Gamaliel Pratt, Daniel Burnham, Isidor Straus, “Texas Jack” Omohundro, George Franklin Grant, Carrie Nation, Abbott Handerson Thayer, Ella Flagg Young, Arthur MacArthur Jr., Mary Eliza Mahoney, We’wha, Sigismund Danielewicz, Edward Charles Pickering, Toby “Winema” Riddle, Jacob Schiff, Anna Howard Shaw, José Gautier Benítez, Quanah Parker, Belle Starr, Alexander Calder, Owl Woman, Bruce Price, Moorfield Storey, Andrew Jackson Beard, Frank Manley Warren Sr., LaMarcus Adna Thompson, Seth Bullock, Caroline Yale, William Kissam Vanderbilt, Solomon Schechter, Wyatt Easton, Sarah Orne Jewett, William Keith Brooks, Julian A. Scott, Sarah Frances Whiting, Elihu Root, James A. Bailey, Deacon White, Thomas Westendorf, Louis Comfort Tiffany, Green McCurtain, Effie Germon, Joel Chandler Harris, Albert Edward Winship, Isabel Barrows, Kicking Bear, Harriet Hubbard Ayer, Edward Julius Biedermann, David Pendleton Oakerhater, William Lewis Douglas, Lotta Crabtree, John Hunn, Frederick Gleason, Elizabeth Harrison, William Saunders Crowdy, Henry Clay Frick, Ira Remsen, George Washington Williams, Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Mary Foot Seymour, George Lawrence Mabson, John Thomas Douglass, Whitcomb L. Judson
Subsequent Microgeneration: “Aucto-Progressives” (1862–1866)
Prominent “Aucto-Progressives”: Warren Harding, Edith Wharton, Nelly Bly, George Washington Carver, Frank Grant, Henry Ford, Butch Cassidy, Minnie Fiske, Henry Holden Huss, Robert Henri, Charles Evans Hughes, Clyde Fitch, Ida B. Wells, Susan La Flesche Picotte, Dummy Hoy, Charles Ringling, Billy Sunday, Mrs. Leslie Carter, Mary Church Terrell, Carrie Jacobs-Bond, Alfred Steiglitz, James Clark McReynolds, William Sydney “O. Henry” Porter, William Randolph Hearst, Annie Jump Cannon, James J. Corbett, Margaret Murray Washington, Cornelius “Connie Mack” McGillicuddy, Homer Plessy, George C. Pearce, Arthur Francis Collins, Charles Marion Russell, George Sutherland, Edward Stratemeyer, Richard Harding Davis, Anne Sullivan, Carlos Montezuma, Samuel P. Bush, Harry Davenport, Richard F. Outcault, Leo Baekeland, George Santayana, Nathaniel “Texas Jack” Reed, Benjamin Guggenheim, John B. Thayer, Matthew Alexander Henson, Antonia Maury, Charles Dawes, Ernest Thayer, George Ade, Charles Horace Mayo, Bobby Lowe, Matt Kilroy, John Francis Dodge, Mary White Ovington, Annie Jones Elliot, Harry Burleigh, Elsie De Wolfe, Hiram Johnson, Gene Stratton-Porter, George Washington Crile, Black Elk, Jack McAuliffe, Herbert Henry Dow, Charles Young, William Surrey Hart, Mary Emma Woolley, Gussie Davis, Henry Bacon, Ezequiel Cabeza De Baca, Irving Babbitt, Joseph Lincoln Steffens, Florence Bascom, Jack “Peach Pie” O’Connor, Maggie Lena Walker, Frank A. Vanderlip, Charles Martin Hall, John Bunny, Frederic Goudy, Ernest Hogan, Marion Hamilton Carter, Sophonisba Breckinridge, Charles Steinmetz, Waters McIntosh, “Parisian Bob” Caruthers, John Jacob Astor IV, Robert Newton Ford, Anthony Crawford, Eva Thatcher, Frances Benjamin Johnston
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